Completing a PhD is a significant milestone representing years of dedication, research, and personal growth. After spending 3 to 6 years immersed in your field, the next challenge is finding a job that aligns with your expertise. For many PhD graduates, the academic path is a natural step forward. But what academic positions are available, and how can you prepare for them before you finish your degree?

Let’s explore the main academic job opportunities for new PhDs and discuss strategies to prepare for these roles while still in your PhD program.

Academic Job Opportunities After a PhD

Here are the primary academic positions new PhD graduates can pursue:

1. Postdoctoral Researcher (Postdoc)

A postdoc is often the first step after earning a PhD, especially for those who want to deepen their research expertise and build a strong publication record.

• What You’ll Do: Postdocs engage in advanced research projects, typically under the mentorship of senior academics. You might expand on your doctoral work or explore new topics.
• Why It’s Important: This position helps you establish a research portfolio, gain experience with grant writing, and build your academic network.
• Where to Find Them: Postdoc opportunities are widely available at universities and research institutions worldwide. In Europe, programs like Horizon Europe provide funding for postdocs, while U.S. institutions often have formalized postdoctoral programs.

2. Lecturer or Assistant Professor

If you’re drawn to both teaching and research, becoming a lecturer or assistant professor is an excellent career choice.

• Globally:
  • In the U.S. and Canada, this role is called Assistant Professor, typically a tenure-track position.
  • In the U.K. and Commonwealth countries, the equivalent is a Lecturer, which also offers pathways to permanent academic roles.
• In Brazil:
  • Permanent positions at federal and state universities are highly regarded. To secure one, you must pass a public exam (Concurso Público), which evaluates your teaching skills, curriculum, and subject knowledge.
  • You’ll start as a Professor Adjunto (Level A) and progress through ranks like Professor Associado and Professor Titular, depending on your achievements.
  • Salaries and benefits are regulated by the government and include incentives for research productivity and additional responsibilities.
  • Temporary Positions (Professor Substituto):
    • If you’re not ready for the public exam, consider a temporary teaching role. These positions last between 6 months and 2 years and are often focused on undergraduate teaching. Temporary contracts provide teaching experience and an opportunity to strengthen your CV for future permanent roles.

3. Research Fellow

A research fellowship allows you to focus exclusively on research, often as part of a larger funded project.

• What You’ll Do: Research fellows typically work in teams or lead specific projects, contributing to advancements in their field without teaching responsibilities.
• Why It’s Valuable: This role is ideal if you want to dedicate your time to high-level research and publications.
• Common Regions: Research fellowships are prominent in Europe, Australia, and Asia, particularly in institutions with strong research funding.

4. Adjunct or Visiting Professor

Adjunct or visiting roles are short-term positions focused on teaching specific courses or conducting research for a limited time.

• Who It’s For: These roles are a good fit for early-career academics looking to gain teaching experience or those transitioning between positions.
• Limitations: Adjunct roles are typically part-time and don’t offer the same stability or benefits as permanent positions.

5. Academic Administration

Some PhD graduates transition into roles such as program coordinators, academic advisors, or research managers. These roles combine strategic oversight with a connection to academia but without the responsibilities of teaching or research.

Preparing for an Academic Career While Still Pursuing Your PhD

Securing an academic job after graduation requires careful planning and proactive steps. Here’s how you can prepare:

1. Explore Career Options Early
   Research the types of academic roles available in your field and region. This will help you understand the qualifications and experiences required for each position.
2. Build Your Academic CV
   Focus on publishing your research, presenting at conferences, and gaining teaching experience. A strong academic CV showcases your expertise and readiness for the job market.
3. Network Strategically
   Attend conferences, workshops, and seminars to connect with professionals in your field. Building relationships with faculty, researchers, and peers can open doors to job opportunities and collaborations.
4. Take Advantage of University Resources
   Many universities offer career services specifically for PhD students, including workshops on CV writing, job interviews, and grant applications. Use these resources to your advantage.
5. Be Proactive About Job Applications
   Academic job applications often require detailed materials such as a CV, teaching portfolio, and research statement. Start preparing these documents early so you’re ready to apply when opportunities arise.

Final Thoughts

The transition from PhD student to academic professional is an exciting yet challenging step. Whether you choose to pursue a postdoc, teaching position, research fellowship, or administrative role, there are many paths to a fulfilling academic career. Start exploring these opportunities before you finish your PhD, and focus on building the skills and experiences that will set you apart in a competitive job market.

For more academic tips, follow Easy Science! Stay tuned for our next post, where we’ll share the best websites to find and apply for academic jobs worldwide.